Indium Atomic Number

Chemical properties of indium - Health effects of indium - Environmental effects of indium

Indium: Latin indicum, 'indigo' (colour found in its spectrum) 13: 5: 114.818(1) 7.31: 429.75: 2345: 0.233: 1.78: 0.25 50: Sn: Tin: English word (The symbol is derived from Latin stannum) 14: 5: 118.710(7) 7.287: 505.08: 2875: 0.228: 1.96: 2.3 51: Sb: Antimony. Most widespread minerals containing Indium; This list of minerals containing Indium is built from the mindat.org locality database. This is based on the number of localities entered for mineral species and is therefore slanted towards minerals interesting to collectors with less coverage of common rock-forming-minerals so it does not give an undistorted distribution of Indium mineral species. Our indium page has over 210 facts that span 92 different quantities. Each entry has a full citation identifying its source. Areas covered include atomic structure, physical properties, atomic interaction, thermodynamics, identification, atomic size, crystal structure, history, abundances, and nomenclature. Atomic Number of Indium Indium is a chemical element with atomic number 49 which means there are 49 protons and 49 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Indium is In. Atomic Mass of Indium. Atomic Symbol In Uses Used to coat high speed bearings and as an alloy that lowers the melting point of other metals. Relativly small amounts are used in dental items and in electronic semiconductors. Atomic Number 49 Learn more about the atomic number. Description Rare, very soft, silver-white metal Atomic Mass 114,818 Learn more about the.

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Atomic number	49
Atomic mass	114.82 g.mol^-1
Electronegativity according to Pauling	2
Density	7.31 g.cm^-3 at 20°C
Melting point	156 °C
Boiling point	2000 °C
Vanderwaals radius	0.162 nm
Ionic radius	0.092 nm (+2)
Isotopes	11
Electronic shell	[ Kr ] 4d¹⁰ 5s²5p¹
Energy of first ionisation	558.2 kJ.mol^-1
Energy of second ionisation	1820.2 kJ.mol^-1
Energy of third ionisation	2704 kJ.mol^-1
Standard potential	- 0.34 V ( In³⁺/ In )
Discovered by	Ferdinand Reich 1863

Indium is a soft, ductile, manleable, lustrous metallic metal. Its colour is silvery white and it has a face-centered tetragonal structure. It is liquid over a wide range of temperatures, like gallium that belongs to its same group. Both indium and gallium are able to wet glass. Indium is stable in air and in water but dissolves in acids. When heated above its melting point it ignites burning with a violet flame.

Applications

Indium is used in low-melting fusible alloys and as a protective plate for bearings and other metal surfaces. It can be used to form corrosion-resistant mirror surface: when evaporated and allowed to deposit on glass it produces a mirror as good a quality as that of silver. Indium foils are used to assess what is going on inside nuclear reactors. Finally, it is used as light filter in low pressure sodium vapor lamps.

Indium in the environment

Indium is not widely dispersed in the environment. Cultivated soils are reported to be richer in indium than non cultivated sites; some even have levels as high as 4 ppm. Indium produced in idustry comes as the by-product of smelting zinc and lead sulfide ores, some of which can contain 1% indium. Specimens of uncombined indium metal have been found in a region of Russia and an indium mineral, indite, has been found in Siberia, but it is rare. World production comes mainly from Canada and is around 75 tonnes per year, reserves of the metal are estimated to exceed 1500 tonnes.

Indium has no biological role. In small doses it is said to stimulate the metabolism.

Indium compounds are encountered rarely by most people. All indium compounds should be regarded as highly toxic. Indium compounds damage the heart, kidney, and liver, and may be teratogenic.

Insufficient data are available on the effect of this substance on human health, therefore utmost care must be taken.

Since indium is not widely dispersed in the environment, it poses no threat to land or marine life. Environmental effects from the substance have not been investigated.

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